关于保护地蔬菜栽培几个问题之我见_蒋毓隆.pdf

J SHANXI AGRIC UNIV Natural Science Edition 1 S 2007 27 1 002235 l 2006 04 17 T e o H 1915 3 q q 1 V Y 关于保护地蔬菜栽培几个问题之我见 蒋毓隆 j v 030801 K 1 保护地 一词在教学中早已选用 中国蔬菜栽培学 第一版和修订版都用 保护地 而不用 设施 是完全正确的 塑料大棚栽培 塑料薄膜覆盖 日光节能温室 工厂化育苗等均起源于北方 发展到南方 再加上 夏秋菜的北菜南运 冬春菜的南菜北运 使中国的城市居民能在一年四季天天吃到一百多种新鲜蔬菜 今后保护地 蔬菜栽培应向偏僻的山村 林区 矿区发展 1 o M 保护地 大棚 温室 工厂化 m s S62 D S M A c I 1671 8151 2007 01 0108 05 SeveralQuestionsAboutProtectedVegetableCultivation JIANGYu long College of Horticulture Shanxi Agricultural University TaiguShanxi 030801 China Abstract The phrase of Protected Horticulture has been used in the teaching of horticultural sciences In the first e dition and revised edition of China Vegetable Cultivation the phrase of Protected Horticulture was used instead of facilities horticulture Plastic tunnel cultivation plastic mulch solar greenhouse factory seedling are all origina ted from northern China In addition the urban population could eat all kinds of vegetables throughout the whole year owning to the development of protected horticulture and improved condition of transportating vegetable product from north to south during summer and autumn from south to north during winter and spring In the future the develop ment of vegetable production should be oriented to more remote mountainous area forestry area and mining area Keywords Protected horticunture Tunnel Greenhouse Factory seedling S j S v F S v v I27 3 1 9 F 54 3 X 1 v v 9 F H S j n v 9 6 9 I Z v 4 E M C i n 4 I t T I 1 保护地 与 设施 问题 B M 1959 M4 j F I j n I H 4 H j E q j f q j v d 0 w j j 9 I H y j j j v j v 7 v H B i I H 4 S W H K i y p j I j v j D j F I H v T v 9 E f d 0 w I 1960 M j 1979 M j F Q S j n I v H i I DOI 牨牥 牨牫牳牬牪牤j cnki issn牨牰牱牨 L牳牨牭牨 牪牥牥牱 牥牨 牥牪牴 T 9 s Z 2 Z j W f I j v I j v D j F I 1980 M7 j B 1988 M Q j v M T v v 1989 M10 j i 1995 M12 13 S j n j S S E M S j n S S j s Y v 4 B M y N L 9 S j n Q I S v B Q I H 9 Q H 2 塑料大棚栽培问题 j v u y 7 S l Z i I i 1974 M S 1971 M E F 3 9 333 m2 v i L C 6 r m j j y H j v b S 9 b j 8 S m n5 n 7 y 3 333 m2 O v H i S v 7 S i 1974 M S S F S 1 o Y j 0 5 3 B g 3 8 3 B g 3 B n 3 333 hm2 v k T n1977 M Z S S i 1975 M6 z 7 S n v v S x T p T y H g v 1966 M4 n 5 7 50 m2 V 5 S v v 7 S z 7 Q p Q p S v v v Z 1975 M M j g u v w O v v 1976 M5 j g z 7 v v S x T p i 4 u j v V1973 M 1976 M S j 4 r1 Q H v v Z v Z 7 O Z 2 Z L 2 8 H C 1 u a g E h M 1975 M V g 249 000 kg 283 500 kg 1978 M6 z 7 S v v S x T p v v r 5 600 hm2 S X C a 8 g 1 u g V225 000 kg H v 9 v v Z C O b 1980 M S j 9 k 5 C x T 1981 M3 n GP Y8 1 8 m t C 5 v g v i F 8 j S 9 GG 7 5 2 6B T 5 v S S F E j C 9 F E y ZGP 5 v Z g j k EGP 5 v t v V1980 M v v S v g 7 O Z l g E B t u 1986 M S v v X V10 000 hm2 v v 9 9 9 F 1983 M 8 g 3 1 v g X V375 000 kg V E M C v Z 7 2 Z 1 Z Z y i O V 10927 1 o H 1 v 5 n Z v S v T J Z 1 T 7 O Z Z 3 塑料薄膜覆盖问题 1938 M E S r v n 5 o Y 1950 M S i v Z 1955 M V S i v Z S V H T E B W 1979 M7 T g v I v v 3 H q S V1955 M 7 S S n 5 l K B 2 j I 1981 M8 j E M S C l Y j v T V l k B r T S j W f I 1982 M9 Z S v v E M S t S 7 S k j v v F l I N s l r T 1958 M j C j v 9 R v l z r T B E M Z v g 5 l v 9 r I 1983 M1 C S v S 3 v 7 S3 4 M 1978 M g C 8 3 P v V l l v k 3 r T z C c I 1983 M7 j v s S B E M Y j V l k B r T j 2 I 1983 M11 v 1957 M S B t j n S v 3 v 3 r T W k l 3 9 T f 6 I 1988 M3 S v v y S V60 M 7 S v 3 f 50 M j q S l k I N s l r T 1958 M j g j 9 M g k L 1958 M2 j S C S j S z 7 S v S x T p H Z g j i o Y w g j Z j S 9 S k y N 1958 M S P j S H Z H j 1961 M I v j i j D C o Y N E M S 2 o Y j 9 1962 M o Y j H v w 1963 M k 63091 A 63091 B o Y 9 l V t k w j i S E 5 j 1978 M Y F B S w i j S B Z F I v B Z F Z 8 g j O S U S w M B t S T 1983 M S j S v z 7 k F k S v w v j T E M S g j h u R j 3 v v 4 j 6 r m r m 7 O X Z B j n 110 j v 1 S 2007 4 日光节能温室问题 i a 8 g u j 7 T i i P s i 1 V 2 j 9 F Q 4 i p e e P i z 42 u K 10 i V r20 W 9 5 10 y N F v 1985 M j v Z g S Z g j F Z 1 7 3 7 5 l P Y 7 7 k v 7 k 1986 M g 5 1987 M S E 9 Y V M k 1 w Z i i Y T i i 4 i O 9 F i P P i F 4 i q 9 F v i e 1 W i F l T V 7 9 F Z L i T 1989 M12 g Y V k V N i i Z 8 g v w V E M n 5 8 p E v Z i p E 1 5 E F Z i i v j 0 Z 8 g w H 8 M E i 9 Z w V E M S Z v g E j R i e 1 B j 267 333 m2 7 M V l 1 7 O i Z M 9 F 2 Z 8 9 M 7 S Z i N A i S i Z Z 5 蔬菜工厂化育苗问题 1978 M S p H 4 v 5 B 1979 M1 31 V v 3 1981 M S v 7 V 1 S v 5 c 1979 M11 S v S x T i p H 4 v 5 i i F S 1 x T F 1980 M2 S j S v T z 7 S v 1 x T V p S j S v S n 29 37 p 5 x T F F S j S v Z j S v g F j v j v F j 2 8 j S 8 R j i B M z 7 x T F B Q M z 7 S x T B Q V1981 M 11 S v V p 1983 M Q S v 1 x T Z p 1985 M10 S v 7 x T B p 1986 M10 q z 7 S v 1 x T p H S j S v N 5 X v e y 1985 M9 j S B H v v S v 7 H N x T M 1 B i F v x i h S j S v x T Y H p S j S v S u R t b l c i F p S x h S j S v h 5 I n 1987 M10 T S v 7 x x Y i E h S x n 5 8 S x 8 v x i Y V1988 M Z p 1989 M p V N 7 x E M x 1 T j n S v k g v i v j v j w 9 g 11127 1 o H 1 v 5 n g j S 1988 M 8 S v 5 i v S 7 V M k 1992 M10 Y V 8 k 2000 M z 8 g 9 v g 3 v u 2 000 hm2 C L C W g j S j m 9 1 p y i4 780 m2 M 1 200 v E M i v 8 O i 1989 M j S V c v 8 H c H 20 min M 1987 M6 j h L V V v B T Q S v B c v l 9 F v B a 1 6 保护地蔬菜生产供应问题 E W E M v g u p j r i 3 v B t 6 V 7 B g 3 30 7 E M v P v g T 4 B E M v Z P v 4 B g E M Z i P v g s l 50 60 7 2000 M 7 7 P v g 100 7 F 2 1 l 2 v g s l s T h j B M 1 7 V j h u u E j h v 9 v v j h Z 3 本文审稿 张光星 编辑 武英耀 112 j v 1 S 2007