番茄生产水分利用效率研究进展

北方园艺201109205～ 207 ·58 ·T€eº李亚灵1962-,女,教授,研究方向为温室环境控制与作物生长。E-。Á[ “山西省科技攻关资助项目041018-2;高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目20091403110002。là ° ù2011-02-25I N 3Á £s æ¨r qùîÉZ李亚灵 ö j¥ f ƒ/‚Ç ¸™îÚA,7®Ú A±éV ë™î £¯ ]èºh],] H9VñÏΓ ¸.lh ], ÂTr ›Ïµ j0€Á ‹©ê ™þ,ÎöYVr › 1 P ¸/î¹/ £¥ê ™。7 O9Kv¥Bñhü /î  £÷¥ ¶n, P £s æ¨ q/†。3 I N 3ÁÏ £s æ¨ qÍ M ŸS µ¸†Ê„ùî ¦ô‚]9ÃZT/I N¥Á „ £s æ¨r qÉ› 1 „ùî,C|†s²T ¿V1。G V1É›s„9 Ø, V[¤ž,Ñ i 9Hq/I N¥ Ü Á ¹7 kg/m2 , £s¥ æ¨r q¹1 m3 £ V[™î15 kg¥Á ,M’¿3Á1 kg7I N¨ £ ¹94 L。¯9€ 19Hq/I N¥ Ü Á ÿ¹9～ 10 kg/m2 , £s¥ æ¨r q¹1 m3 £ V[™î25～28 kg¥Á ,M’¿ 3Á1 kg7I N¨ £ ¹40～ 45 L £。1 9„¯9¥Á „ £s æ¨r q, V[ Až9Hq/I N¥Á  ¯9¥ÿ70～ 80, £s¥ æ¨r q  ¯9¥1.7～1.9,€ ª]“Hq/,¯9„ 19 V[ 9©ZE«ÿ¨ £50[ 。V1Ñ i 3ÁHq/I NÁ „ £s æ¨r qk¹Ä、 HW、1«¯9/ 199/ ¥9/ 9I N†Ê ëÁ / kg·m-2£s æ¨rq/kg·m-33Á7I N¨£ / L·kg-1I N†Ê ëÁ / kg·m-2£s æ¨r q/ kg·m-33Á7I N¨ £ /L·kg-1ÓDØ j Sý, 2004 M8～ 1011～ 12 23～ 24 42～44 9.18 5.0 200 üý©[ 5]Ø,Ï v î,112.8～ 14.4 15～ 21 47.4～66.3 - - -ڍ ©[ 1]Ø, 2001 M3～6- - - 6.86 145.7 üý©[ 5]Ø ¨l,1998 M3～99.2 48 20.8 - - -Ñ–©[ 3] jv,1997～ 1998 M3～7- - - 4.7～ 5.3 12～ 17 58～81 Ùy ü©[ 4] 1,2004 M10～7 - - - 19～ 20 3.6～ 4.9 194～275Ûp©[14] jv,1999 M4～87.6～ 8.1 23-26 38～43 6.76 11.67 85.7 á ©[ 11] jv,1998 M4～7- - - 6～ 7.5 24～ 34 30～41 £û©[ 8],5～ 7 /¯9 8.6～12 58～ 78 17.24～12.82 - - -fé©[12] jv,2000 M8～103.4～ 3.8 23～ 26.3 43～38 - - -íëÖ Ü[ 16] É,1995 M5～812.5 17～ 23 43～59 11.4 10.45 96¿Œ–©[ 17]Å Õç,2001 M10～65.5～ 8.3 22-28 35～45 8.2 20 49.10Y[10]ŠŒ“,1997～ 1999 M1～66.3 21 47.6 5.1 6.73 148.5byö©[ 2]]¹Hq ä .Ì©[9]¨¹/¯9ZE,¤I N¥Á¹2～2.6 kg/m2 , £s¥ æ¨r q¹1 m3 £™î3～3.7 kg¥Á ,M’¿ 3Á1 kg7I N¨ £ ¹285～333 L £。ÐNM1,Ñ i 3Á¥ £s æ¨r qvÿ ]¹ 3Á¥6～ 8。4 « £9Ã¥oå/€ §¥oåüS I N 3Á £s æ¨r q Ÿ A,ëé[ ä©‚FÑÑ iv °, 3Á1 kg7I N¨ £ vÿ¹30～ 40 L,7 ]¹ 3Á5¨ £ ¹60 L,€ § © eÅ¥j ðÑ iiµCO2 g , 3Á1 kg7I N¥¨£ vÿ¹22 L,Œ ÂTN ¨í £ÖÌ“d€ ª T¥ 3É“d5Ǩ £15 L。®NV Až, 3Á/ Œ £ Ü¥4ÚüiÅ“ £s æ¨r q¥4Ú。Stanghellini[19]s 3Á £s æ¨r q H ª¹,Ñ i 3Á4Ú  £s æ¨r q,ö1 y¹ .•- ¥h 、Á 4Ú、5É9Ã/ Œ¥‹¨。M1 S“¥ 3Á f ƒ,ÏSÑ iI N 3ÁÏ £s æ¨r q ¯ – ®,s ðy, V ÐáSÑ iI NÁ  þ®µ1。fé©[12]sI N £s æ¨r q H,y ë  £s æ¨qÐÁ ­W¥BíQZñ,’Á ¹9.69 kg/m2H, £s¥ æ¨r qK®¹62.28 kg/m3 ,­ª ÛÁ 4Ú 3Á†Ê ¥I N îh{¥ £ h 。 6BZ ëÐ ¡Z T„9ÃZ T9µ“v1“,Stanghellini[19]€ §Ñ i 3Á¥s ª¹,2/3¥€ §Ñ i¨É¡,ƒBe Ü6y Í/î¥,í q÷z, ÂÉ¡Cˆ¥B l Æ ­r › ¡9F3。 3ÁVñϐ¨ T 3É“d,€í £ æ¨, V[«ÿg £¥î,7É ¡5 P¤í £ l“„ æ¨î¹ V,€ ª÷ ¸。V2‚]SE 3ÁI N³ £ ‚]SE‚]¥Õ±Hq¨ £ / L·kg-17[ ä vB 60ëé Ñ v ° 40[ ä ‚FÑÑ i 30€ § © eÅÑ i 22€ § © eÅ £sÖÌ æ¨ 15ÿ  Ÿ÷¹ÓD[ 19] 。5 l²„ypÏSI N 3Á ë“v, £s 3Ár q“®,µ“206北方园艺201109205～ 207 ·58 ·v¥4 6 bW,VSS ¥ 3Á f ƒs A,V/ Œª ë4[/yp。LCI N¥ ¹¹Û M 3Á。Ñ i 3Á Vv–4Ú†Ê ëÁ ,] HÌâ AM Ú, Vh •-„•T¨,4Ú¨ £r q。I N 3ÁÏÉ›¹ ë­Â„9 µg,4Ú9è £¥ æ¨ q。¹ ­Â、¦Ì­Â„9Fµg, µrh ¹ ë•„r ›¥¹ £ ï,ƒ ÏS °;Ñ i £s 3Ár q4 6¥ö1¦。I N 3Áϐ¨¯9“d。¾/ ŒÐ5Mg Ú,Œ Û“ÏSÜ6 ï¥4 6,VÜ6rm¥˜,ypv ë P¨。¨ír ¡Z TÉ›I N3Á。­  ¨ Tír ¡/ Œ, Vv–4Ú£g æ¨r q。 Û“ÏSÜ6Z, v’Nì¥4 6,ƒ[/ Œ|öy¹rm4Ú7ïv¨,ƒ9 € §Ñ i v’ 3Áóá Ì¥“z4 U。G L/ Œ¥É„,4Ú 3Á/ Œ,Œ  s 樄«ÿ £÷,¶Ï,©. °;Ñ i £K‹Ò†r‹I NÁ ¥•Y[ J] .ÏS v’, 2001131-33[4] Ùy ü,;½ ´,±y‚.Ñ iI N« £9÷S¥ùî[ J] .  j üý,çÏ ‰. „ Œ9ÈI NÁ „ ÖÉ¥•Y[ J] .ÏSv’, 200264-6[ 6] üý, _ Ý.‚]9ÃZ TI N 3É„Á ¥•Y[ J] .¿jÐ, 2005,20193-95[ 7] ñ. j÷ æ¨Ð5 Ø ë_21 W [ñ‹[ M] .ØÏS ñ,2000.[ 8] £û,¶, Ù Ÿ.r › £sI NM˜¿ªh 3¥•Y[ J] .ÏS v’, 200038-10.[ 9] ä .Ì,
H¡, Ù;¥,©.¹/¯9‚]r › £s/KI N 3ÉâÁ ¥•Y[ J] .9à † £Ð, 2006, 25317-20.[ 10] 0Y.l u“ÏÑ iI N« £9à  Tùî[ J] .ó\, 2004510-13[ 11]  á ,fÖ C,¶,©.9ÃZE ¹¹r ›{ £ ÐI N £s æ¨r q¥•Y[J] .9à † £Ð,2004,23349-51.[ 12] fé,fÖ C, ,©.Ñ i /¯99 £ eÅ/KÐI NÁ  £s æ¨r q¥1“[J] .ÏS j SÐ,2006,392425-432.[ 13] ÏS j SÐý jÜ6ÐZùî î.9à £÷«ÿ æ¨ùî[ EB/OL] .2008-09.http// ,pp37.[ 14] Ûp,çð ,,Ûy\. £gØ e °;Ñ iI NÁ 、 ÖÉr ›sc ¥•Y[ J] . j  S/vÐÐ,2006,34458-34.[ 15] ëËÓ, Ùð 2. ö þ °;Ñ iI Në 3Á/ Œ[ J] .Ñ ió\,2005752-53.[ 16] íëÖ Ü,fÖ C, Ù¹‚,©. ¹¹I N ¡ 199 £·S¥ùî[ J] . jýñÐ, 2002,18253-57.[ 17] ¿Œ–,f ; æ. Ñ v °ÏI N« £9Ã¥ùî[ J] .  j SÐ,1996482-84.[ 18] FAOSTAT .http//faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspxPageID567.[ 19] Stanghellini C, Kempkes F L K, Knies P.Enhancing EnvironmentalQuality in Agricultural Systems [J] .Acta Horticulturae, 2003, 609277-283.Research Progress on Water Use Efficiency of Tomato CropsLI Ya-lingCollege of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University , Taigu, Shanxi 030801AbstractAfter reviewing the situation and the practice of Chinese tomato production and irrigation s, the authoranalysed the water use efficiency with different production model and adviced the production s of water savingaccording to Holland model.It is suggested that the development of sustainable agriculture must rely on the progress ofscientific technology and increase production level, and make the best use of fresh water or save water resource.Keywordsproduction s;water-saving;tomato;water use efficiency207