日光温室CO2浓度变化规律研究

; iCO2 iM? p魏 珉 邢禹贤 王秀峰 马 红( j>, >T3> - ->T3.Y ; iCO2 iM1y ;v,Y ?E i = iCO2dE CO2 . 8;  、r 9, iCO2 i ;T 8; 9、r  ,CO2 .1oM   i CO2 i  M 1M  bWs CO2 cI| 1001-9332(2003)03-0354-05 ms | S625 DS M AVariation of CO2 concentration insolar greenhouse in Northern China.WEI Min,XING Yuxian,WANG Xi-ufeng,MA Hong(Collegeof Horticulture, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China).-Chin .J.Appl.Ecol .,2003,14(3):354 358.Thevariationof CO2concentrationin winter-spring cultivated solargreenhousein northernChina wasstudied.ThediurnalchangeofCO2 concentration showedanirregularU' shapein most case, themaximum valueap-peared priortounveilingstraw matin themorning, and theminimum between 1200 and 1400 PM.Some-times, anirregularW' shapecurvewithtwovalleyswasalsoobserved, withthefirstoneappearedpriortotheventilationat noon, and thesecond occurredbetween 1500 1630 PM.During the period of winter-springcultivation, thedaily maximum concentration of CO2 in solar greenhouse decreased gradually, while thedailyminimum concentration and daytimeaverageconcentrationdroppedfirst, thenwent up.At thesame time, thetimeof CO2 depletion lasted longer and longer.In December, CO2 depletion happened 2.1 3.1 hours aftermorning unveiling.In thenext March, however, it moved up to 0.6 1.1 hours afterunveilingin themorn-ing.At daytime, bothduringandafterventilation, solargreenhouseoftenshowedCO2depletion.TheperiodofCO2depletionextendedfrom 45.8 hoursperdayinDecemberto8 8.5hoursperdayinMarchofnext year.Thespacial distribution of CO2 concentrations within the greenhouseshowed that in themorning and in theevening, theorderwasthefront>themiddle>theback, and theground>thecanopy>theupper, andatmid-day, theorderwas thefront theupper>thecanopy.Photon fluxdensitywasthemost important environmentalfactoraffectingCO2concentrationin greenhouse.Ventilationdidnot avoided CO2 depletion.Canopy photosynthetic rate and soil respiratory rate were measured at differentgrowth stages of tomato.At seedlingstage, CO2 concentrationingreenhousewas higherthanthatoutside, duetothevigoroussoilrespirationandlowercanopy photosyntheticrate.But at fruitingstage, severeCO2depletionoccurredbecauseofstrongercanopyphotosynthesisandweaksoilrespiration.Key words Solargreenhouse, CO2concentration, Diurnalchange, Seasonalchange, Spacial distribution. 8O(J99I04) 8 M SE S ' “( Z S93(1997)319|).Y “ .2001-08-15 l,2001-11-30 s.1  CO2 ;T , ! =CO2 K v;T,4 1oy &shy;B.Schapendonk6   ,*= iCO2 P( 8 >15%, /(h11%. > 4 13(; i =12u M2r、n; H CO2 g db i9,i| Y Ys,TV CO2 i DKv.yN, ! CO2M? pi S e LCr$. ; i SZ u=11 ! T,1CO2 i 3,8,10 C“d ' .7O ; i、r ;HqT1 iCO2 “d,);、T 3CO2 iM1“, eCO2 g4G  . 3 2003 M3 14 3                              CHINESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY,Mar.2003,14(3)354 358DOI:10.13287/j.1001-9332.2003.00802 ZE2.1 k k1998 M10 2000 M5 8 gu 8 j15001630(m1,mm1 ; iCO2 i1M MFig.1 Seasonal and diurnalchangesof CO2concentrationin solargreen-house.CO2 iCO2 concentrationoutside; HWTimeof unveiling andcoveringmat; Y> HWTimeof openingandclosing vent;a)I NTomato;b)(Cucumber./Thesamebelow.1)1998.11.14;2)1998.11.30;3)1998.12.30;4)1999.01.09;5)1999.01.12;6)1999.02.04;7)1999.02.05;8)1999.03.23;9)1999.05.05.m2 ? 3 H ; iI N 8CO2 iMYFig.2 Effects of weather and growth stages on CO2 concentration intomatogreenhouse.1)1999.11.12,|, Cloudy,seedling stage;2)1999.11.19, d, Sunny,seedlingstage,LAI=0.48;3)2000.01.09,|,T Cloudy,fruitingstage;4)2000.01.25, d,T Sunny,fruiting stage,LAI=4.16.2). f? 3 8= “ v、;9、 b 7/> * d?.(M1,I N ; iCO2 (CO2 i、 HW), V ? 8 v1.m2B ? T 8vl iCO2 iY. , i =WCO2 3553               #: ; iCO2 iM? p     m3   iCO2+Fig.3Characteristicsof CO2 environment in solargreenhouse. K iDaily maximum CO2 concentration;. K iDaily minimumCO2 concentration;. ( iDailymean averageCO2 con-centration;.b -Beforeventilation;.bDuringventilation; .bAfterventilation; . HCO2depletion time;. - HWTimefrom morningunveilingtoCO2 depletion; . HW1Ratio CO2 depletiontime. ,? ? (? 3 ,7 O d?Y i =CO2v d,F ;h,CO2 i , ,yN,Y 4 ; iCO2 i .T ,I N 8= “ v(LAI=4.16),; 9, d? 1.4h'CCO2 ,K ir100lL-1,Y V ?E ,Y 8CO2 i 116.90%P.m3 A,= V ; i KCO2 ivhl, K i ( i5 6. - T 8 l, iCO2 i ,Y v( Y gvlY HW),? 3? 3 ;12u M2 B MKe 1, ; iY l . ?>,T 8 v,; 9,CO2 K;2F T3>2 m); ,T;h P3CO2 i /,i  HW =K,Y 1 h . HW ?.?, 2m)CO2 iM1 f:1) - S;2) -,/MQ(m4).3 M Y4N i1y , H s 8、3 i bWvl#YY.3.2.2CO2 i i -、CO2 i &shy; - -356  3                    14 m4   iCO2 i H bsFig.4 Temperal-spatialdistributionCO2 concentrationin solargreenhouse.1) Ground;2)T3Crop canopy;3)Upper;4) -Front;5)Meddle;6)Back.m5   iCO2 iMI N;Tr 1“Fig.5Effectsof canopyphotosynthesis and soil respiration on CO2 concentration in tomatosolargreenhouse.A) Seedlingstage(LAI=0.48);B)T Fruitingstage(LAI=4.16).CO2 iCO2 concentrationambient;. iCO2 iCO2concentrationwithin thegreenhouse;.r   qSoil respiration;. 8; qCanopy photosynthesis.a)n; HWSunshinetime(a1:740 1710,a2:830 1650);b)Y HWVentilation time(b1:1030 1500,b2:11401400).>> -CO2 i /, Y, -,;Tvh ,r CO2 i 6(m5A).3.3.2T r  Ah , ( dbCO2 q 24.23%, -; q6.88%,;h.940 iCO2 i, 9 8;T P ,i  HW =? 3 ;Y ,v CO2 i, i =y B , =CO2 i , Y M;Y g1>, 8;T P iCO2 ,CB?3573               #: ; iCO2 iM? p     2!;,;Th ,r 3T 8 T PCO2 iv 6(m5B).4 )   4.1  Y ; iCO2Y ; iCO2 i | %T 3 、r 、; 5 n ( 、Y)y .' kTV , r 9,8;  , iCO2 ,B? 3CO2 ;T 9 r  , 8; 9,CO2 .= V,(、I N 8T CO2iK550850lL-1、K100220lL-1,CO2 K1*v12u M2, Y? 3* 13.1h,47.7h. |B?CO2 HWsY&shy; -、YWY&shy;3 ,5Y&shy; -0.53.0h,Y0.52.5h. O “ - ; i5 1 5,1Y -,l  H1 Y,Y l,EE Y CO2 .4.2 iCO2 e4 iCO2 o.1)9 gr   iCO2 &shy;B,WCO2 ,? 3 HW. 8 19981999MT Ty H KCO2 i&shy;W1“Z,( iY =0.0081x -3.5739(r =0.9685),I N iY =0.0040x-1.22(r=0.9221).  Z, ! Y3.5h,5 KCO2 i9001200lL-1 V ?E Y - . “ - ; i 8gBQ , ' kT, r  Ah .yN,V r CO2 db ?, V |9Fg 、sQ9 gBW&shy;E.  2,(T VA4 iCO2 i, i =800、10001200CO2 isY12001800、5801200、230350lL-1,7v isY620700、240320180230lL-1.g 8 kTV, ggi = f /, VC( 3 iCO2 i .N Vn,9 g VE Y - ,NEgS ZE  4g, iCO2 e, H 4E Y > .2) 9 CO2.12u M3,I N iCO2 Y? 3* 0.62.1h,(1.13.1h,N,12z g HW V 23h,1z1.52h,2z11.5h,3z0.51h.S9V ,CO2 i500lL-1&shy;W 9F; q vY; '1, -; i(;TCO2 i460500lL-11 . , iCO2 i500lL-1 T;T ,  N VM4* g HW.yT 9;TY M,Y #> iCO2 . 12uM2, ; i 5,Y HW ,Y l,Y CO2 H2.54.7h,> H0.52.5h.S iT ?CO2 gYCO2 g5,7 .i ?CO2 g HW V A4(、I N .S ; i 3 、6CO2 gZB. ID1 Chen Q-J( ,),ZhengZ-G(CS),Xu J( ).1996.Applicationof PPRtoanalyzingphotosyntheticrateof cucumberinsolargreenhouse.J X injiang Agric Univ( j),Sai F-C( ),Li Y-M( ).1995.Analysis of threefactors affectingyieldof vegetablein solargreen-house.J Henan Agric Sci( 2 j< S),(11):34 35(inChi-nese)5 MortensenLM.1987.Review:CO2 enrichment in greenhousecropresponses.Sci Hort,33:1 256 Schapendonk AHCM,van TilburgW.1984.Thefactorinmodelingphotosynthesis andgrowth of greenhouse crops.Act Hort,162:83 917 Slack G,Hand DW.1985.The effect of winterand summer CO2enrichment onthegrowth andfruit yieldof glasshousecucumber.JHort S ci, 60(4):507 5168 Wu C-L(g ),Sun S-J( .),Yang Z-C(g).2000.Studyon the CO2 concentration change in lean-To solar green-housegrown melon.Chin Veget(S v),(6):14 17(inChi-nese)9 YuG-H(S),Gong B-T('),He Z-C( ).1996.Effectof CO2 enrichment onthephotosyntheticrateofleavesofcu-cumberin plastichouse.J Laiyang Agric Coll( j),13(1):5 10(inChinese)10 Zhang H-M(f ),Sun Z-Q( <),Bai Y-L( *).1998.Effectsoncucumberin solargreenhousebyCO2enrichment.Trans Chin S ocy Agric Eng( j<), 14(supp.):160163(inChinese)Te #, 3,1968 M12 3,p V, q,1V Y ! vr ,?V 20 .E-mail:minweisdau.edu.cn358  3                    14